To address such issues, Excel has incorporated Lock and protect functions which prevent other users to do any further change deleting or overwriting in an Excel worksheet. Suppose you have a worksheet in which there are three values v1, v2, and v3 and you to calculate the average of the three values.
Cell E5 contains the formula for calculating the average. Now you want to lock the cell in excel and protect this formula. Under the protection tab, check Locked option. Then, click OK to lock cell formula in excel. Now, you need to protect the formula. Now the formula cell in excel is locked and protected.
If you try to change the cell, a window will pop-up as shown below. You will find that only this particular cell is protected. If you try to overwrite any other cell, no message or warning appears.
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This is because only the locked cells in excel are protected. A locked cell in excel or formula cannot secure the cell from further overwriting unless it is protected. So, to protect a formula from any change, you need to lock the cell formula in excel and then protect it. It is important to note that by default all cells in a worksheet are locked.
Therefore, if you want to protect only the formula cells, you need to unlock all the other cells and then protect the formula cells. Suppose you have the sales data for different products obtained in different zones as shown below. You are supposed to calculate the total sales of each product separately and identify the product with the highest sales.
You are also supposed to lock a cell in excel and also protect the formula for calculating the highest sales, however, the sales data and its sum can be editable. To identify the product with the highest sales, use the index formula :. Now, to protect this formula cell from any further change, you need to first unlock all the cells in excel sheet. This will open the Format Cells dialog box.
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Now, uncheck the Locked option under the Protection Tab. This will lock the cell formula.
You can optionally select a password. Suppose you have the oil prices for different cities for August and September. You need to calculate the median oil prices for August and September, and see in which month the oil prices were higher. To calculate the median prices, use the syntax:. To do this, you use the Freeze buttons on the View tab. If the Freeze buttons aren't available on the View tab, make sure you switch to Normal view.
On the View tab, click Normal. On the View tab, click Freeze Top Row. When you do this, the border under row 1 is a little darker than other borders, meaning that the row above it is frozen. If you'd rather freeze the leftmost column instead, on the View tab, click Freeze First Column. When you do this, the line to the right of column A is a little darker than the other lines, meaning that the column to its left is frozen.
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To freeze the top row and the first column at the same time, click cell B2. Then, on the View tab, click Freeze Panes. You can freeze as many as you want, as long as you always start with the top row and the first column. To freeze multiple rows starting with row 1 , select the row below the last row you want frozen and click Freeze Panes.
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To freeze multiple columns, select the column to the right of the last column you want frozen and click Freeze Panes. Say you want to freeze the top four rows and leftmost three columns. You'd select cell D5, and then on the View tab, click Freeze Panes.