We will use an online md5 hash generator to convert our passwords into md5 hashes.
- How to Crack a Password?
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- How to Crack a Password?
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The images below show the password cracking results for the above passwords. As you can see from the above results, we managed to crack the first and second passwords that had lower strength numbers. It had a higher strength number. Password cracking techniques There are a number of techniques that can be used to crack passwords. We will describe the most commonly used ones below; Dictionary attack — This method involves the use of a wordlist to compare against user passwords.
Brute force attack — This method is similar to the dictionary attack. Brute force attacks use algorithms that combine alpha-numeric characters and symbols to come up with passwords for the attack. Rainbow table attack — This method uses pre-computed hashes. We can create another database that has md5 hashes of commonly used passwords. We can then compare the password hash we have against the stored hashes in the database.
If a match is found, then we have the password. Guess — As the name suggests, this method involves guessing.
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Passwords such as qwerty, password, admin, etc. If they have not been changed or if the user is careless when selecting passwords, then they can be easily compromised. Spidering — Most organizations use passwords that contain company information. This information can be found on company websites, social media such as facebook, twitter, etc.
Spidering gathers information from these sources to come up with word lists. The word list is then used to perform dictionary and brute force attacks. We already looked at a similar tool in the above example on password strengths. The website www.
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We will now look at some of the commonly used tools John the Ripper John the Ripper uses the command prompt to crack passwords. This makes it suitable for advanced users who are comfortable working with commands. It uses to wordlist to crack passwords. The program is free, but the word list has to be bought. It has free alternative word lists that you can use.
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- Top 15 Ethical Hacking Tools Used by Infosec Professionals?
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It is used to recover passwords for user accounts, recovery of Microsoft Access passwords; networking sniffing, etc. It is very common among newbies and script kiddies because of its simplicity of use. Ophcrack Ophcrack is a cross-platform Windows password cracker that uses rainbow tables to crack passwords. It also has a module for brute force attacks among other features. Password Cracking Counter Measures An organization can use the following methods to reduce the chances of the passwords been cracked Avoid short and easily predicable passwords Avoid using passwords with predictable patterns such as Passwords stored in the database must always be encrypted.
For md5 encryptions, its better to salt the password hashes before storing them. Salting involves adding some word to the provided password before creating the hash. Most registration systems have password strength indicators, organizations must adopt policies that favor high password strength numbers.
In past decades, ethical hacking and penetration testing were performed by only a few security experts. Now almost anyone can report security incidents.
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John the Ripper is one of the most popular password crackers of all time. This password cracker is able to auto-detect the type of encryption used in almost any password, and will change its password test algorithm accordingly, making it one of the most intelligent password cracking tools ever. This ethical hacking tool uses brute force technology to decipher passwords and algorithms such as:. Metasploit is an open source cyber-security project that allows infosec professionals to use different penetration testing tools to discover remote software vulnerabilities.
It also functions as an exploit module development platform. One of the most famous results of this project is the Metasploit Framework, written in Ruby, which enables you to develop, test and execute exploits easily. The framework includes a set of security tools that can be used to:.
Nmap Network Mapper is a free open source security tool used by infosec professionals to manage and audit network and OS security for both local and remote hosts. Despite being one of the oldest security tools in existence launched in , it continues to be actively updated and receives new improvements every year. Wireshark is a free open-source software that allows you to analyze network traffic in real time. Thanks to its sniffing technology, Wireshark is widely known for its ability to detect security problems in any network, as well as for its effectiveness in solving general networking problems.
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Wireshark supports up to different network protocols, and is available on all major operating systems including:. While its web-based interface allows it to be run from any operating system, a CLI is also available and works well for Linux, Unix and Windows operating systems. The free version can be downloaded from the OpenVAS website, but there is also a commercial enterprise license available from the Greenbone Security parent company website.
Nikto is another favorite, well-known as part of the Kali Linux Distribution. Other popular Linux distributions such as Fedora already come with Nikto available in their software repositories as well. This security tool is used to scan web servers and perform different types of tests against the specified remote host.
Its clean and simple command line interface makes it really easy to launch any vulnerability testing against your target, as you can see in the following screenshot:. With SQLMap you can detect and test different types of SQL-based vulnerabilities to harden your apps and servers, or to report vulnerabilities to different companies. Wapiti is a free open-source command-line based vulnerability scanner written in Python. In this case, it can be used to correlate and determine relationships between people, names, phone numbers, email addresses, companies, organizations and social network profiles.
Along with online resources like Whois data, DNS records, social networks, search engines, geolocation services and online API services it can also be used to investigate the correlation between internet-based infrastructures including:.